This post was updated on May 12, 2023.<\/em><\/p>\n In eastern California, a Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva<\/em>) known as Methuselah<\/a> has long been considered Earth\u2019s oldest living thing. According And while Methuselah’s precise location is kept under wraps to protect it from harm, there\u2019s much we do know about this living relic.<\/p>\n <\/span><\/p>\n Pinus longaeva<\/em> grow at the uppermost edge of the timberline, among the windswept peaks of California, Nevada and Utah. The trees\u2019 ability to thrive in this unforgiving landscape of freezing temperatures, arid soils and relentless winds Recently a challenger emerged to vie for Methuselah\u2019s longevity record, National Geographic<\/a> reported. In Chile, a Patagonian cypress (Fitzroya cupressoides<\/em>) known as the Alerce Milenario or Gran Abuelo (great grandfather in Spanish) could be 500 years older than reigning champion Methuselah.<\/p>\n Dating of the Alerce Milenario was accomplished not via the traditional method of \u201ccoring\u201d the tree \u2014 driving a thin, hollow screw through the middle of the tree to extract a core where each ring can be tallied \u2014 but using a partial <\/span><\/p>\n But no matter their precise ages, these time-worn trees can tell us much about our changing climate. Each tree ring holds climate data from the year it grew, allowing researchers to create accurate climate models going back thousands of years \u2014 In fact, trees not only provide clues about past climate, they play a critical role in combating climate change today. Forests help stabilize global temperatures by trapping planet-warming carbon in their roots and soil. A recent Conservation International study<\/a> revealed that the Amazon rainforest stores more irrecoverable carbon \u2014 that is, carbon that could not be restored within our lifetimes if emitted \u2014 than any other region on Earth.<\/p>\n Whichever contender \u2014 Methuselah or Alerce Milenario \u2014 ultimately takes the title, one thing is clear: Nature is resilient and adaptable when properly stewarded. We would do well to keep all trees, from ancient to nascent, healthy and protected.<\/p>\n Vanessa Bauza is the editorial director at Conservation International.\u00a0Want to read more stories like this? Sign up for email updates\u00a0<\/em>here.<\/a><\/em>\u00a0Donate to Conservation International\u00a0<\/em>here<\/a><\/em>.<\/em><\/p>\n
\n to tree-ring data, Methuselah is 4,853 years old \u2014 meaning it was well established by the time ancient Egyptians built the pyramids at Giza.<\/p>\n![\"This](\"https:\/\/ciorg.imgix.net\/images\/default-source\/non-vault-images\/gnarly-bristlecone-pine?&auto=compress&auto=format&fit=crop?&auto=compress&auto=format&w=800\")
A grove of bristlecone pines in California’s White Mountains. \u00a9 Creative Commons\/Rick Goldwaser<\/h6>\n
\n is the key to their remarkable longevity. They draw sustenance from the most brittle layers of limestone and carbonate rock \u2014 what passes for fertile soil at high elevations. And their gnarled, twisted branches, which are shaped by fast-moving
\n currents of mountain air, provide stability and reduce the risk of breakage during storms. Uniquely, the trees\u2019 roots provide nourishment only to the specific section of branches directly above it. This ensures that if a root dies off due to
\n exposure, only the corresponding segment of the tree is affected, allowing the rest to continue growing.<\/p>\n
\n ring count coupled with statistical computer modeling to make up the difference. The approach \u2014 while less risky for the tree \u2014 has left some experts unconvinced.<\/p>\n![\"Alerce](\"https:\/\/ciorg.imgix.net\/images\/default-source\/non-vault-images\/el-gran-abuelo-alerce-milenario-de-3500-anos-aprox?&auto=compress&auto=format&fit=crop?&auto=compress&auto=format&w=800\")
Alerce Milenario in Chile. \u00a9 Creative Commons\/Yiyo Zamorano<\/h6>\n
\n including evidence of temperature fluctuations, precipitation variability and even large volcanic eruptions. And as ancient trees like Methuselah grow at high elevations, they can be susceptible to small fluctuations in temperature, making them faithful
\n chroniclers of the world\u2019s weather patterns.<\/p>\n